- Metapopulations for the Arctic Fox: Found in Greenland, Russia, Canada, Alaska; these arctic foxes, if they were to meet from different regions (such as an arctic fox from Greenland meeting an arctic fox from Russia), a new breed of arctic fox would be formed which would increase genetic diversity within the tundra population
- Metapopulations for the Lemming: Found in Canada and Russia; these lemmings (specifically called arctic lemmings) could reproduce with one another if the barrier were removed, thus creating a new breed of arctic lemming which would increase genetic diversity within the tundra population
- Latitude: Since the tundra is at a polar or high latitude portion of the world, the tundra has low temperatures and is hence very cold year round.
- Time: The tundra biome is actually the youngest biome amongst the biomes of the world as it is only about 10,000 years old. Since older islands/biomes tend to have a greater variety of species, we can assume that the tundra (being the youngest) as the smallest species diversity when compared to other biomes (there are only about 1,700 species in the tundra)
- Habitat: The habitat consists of various plants such as lichen and soil (called permafrost due to its ability to sustain itself in cold temperatures) as well as other plants endemic to the biome. Due to its cold weather, its population of species consists of organisms that are able to withstand the extreme weather (such as the polar bear, the arctic fox, caribou and the arctic lemming).
- Size: 4,664,600 square miles (which is extremely vast and hence prevents interaction among communities)
- Distance from other Communities: The tundra biome (in various parts of the world) is often very distant from other communities and very far from the mainland (as it is only found in the northern areas of the globe and hence is very sparse/vast in terms of distance)
- Density-dependent factors: Predation, resources
- Density-independent factors: Temperature, weather